技術(shù)口譯譯員不僅要具備普通口譯員的水平，還要具備良好的心理素質(zhì)，今天中譯翻譯公司給大家分享想要做好技術(shù)口譯需要做到什么?

　　Technical interpreters should not only have the level of ordinary interpreters, but also have good psychological quality. Today, the Chinese translation company will share with you what needs to be done to do a good job of technical interpretation?

　　1、克服心理障礙

　　1. Overcoming psychological barriers

　　口譯是一個(gè)即席性很強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)碼活動(dòng)?？谧g的獨(dú)立性及高度緊張不僅對(duì)譯員的心理素質(zhì)提出了挑戰(zhàn), 也對(duì)譯員的專業(yè)水平提出了很高的要求。要想成為一名合格的譯員，除了努力學(xué)習(xí)練好基本功，掌握一些口譯技巧外，還應(yīng)采取如下一些對(duì)策來(lái)克服心理障礙。

　　Interpretation is an impromptu transcoding activity. The independence and high tension of interpretation not only challenges the interpreter's psychological quality, but also puts forward high requirements for the professional level of the interpreter. In order to be a qualified interpreter, we should not only study and practice the basic skills and master some interpreting skills, but also take the following measures to overcome the psychological obstacles.

　　(1)首先, 要做到譯前充分準(zhǔn)備,心中有數(shù)，才能思路暢通，發(fā)揮出應(yīng)有的水平?？梢允虑跋仍O(shè)法了解會(huì)談目的及內(nèi)容。有針對(duì)性地了解有關(guān)詞匯、專業(yè)知識(shí)、專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)，以及一些慣用的口語(yǔ)句式等。同時(shí)，盡量創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)事先與外賓接觸，逐步適應(yīng)其口音，給熟悉的外賓做翻譯心理壓力往往能減輕很多。此外要在會(huì)談開始時(shí)，凝神屏氣仔細(xì)記錄，譯出表達(dá)時(shí)，將語(yǔ)速調(diào)整得比平時(shí)少緩，逐漸使自己鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)。

　　(1) First of all, it is necessary to be fully prepared and well-informed before translation, so that ideas can be unblocked and proper level can be brought into play. Try to understand the purpose and content of the meeting in advance. Have a targeted understanding of the relevant vocabulary, professional knowledge, professional terminology, as well as some commonly used oral sentence patterns, etc. At the same time, try to create opportunities to contact with foreign guests in advance, and gradually adapt to their accents, so as to reduce the psychological pressure of translation for the familiar foreign guests. In addition, at the beginning of the meeting, carefully record with concentration and breath holding. When translating expressions, adjust the speaking speed less slowly than usual and gradually calm yourself down.

　　(2)其次,，應(yīng)放下包袱，樹立絕對(duì)的自信，克服患得患失的心理。筆者初始擔(dān)當(dāng)工程各種會(huì)談的口譯時(shí)，每次看到有同行在場(chǎng)，均不由自主的有點(diǎn)緊張，往往怕在同行面前出錯(cuò)而丟面子，甚至看在場(chǎng)的同行表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀，更是感覺有點(diǎn)畏畏縮縮。其實(shí)細(xì)想起來(lái)，這正是通過(guò)同行專家指正，提高譯技的好機(jī)會(huì)。同時(shí)，還可以在碰到疑難問題或譯錯(cuò)時(shí)向同行討教，以提高和改進(jìn)自己的翻譯水平。因此，即使有同行或高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在場(chǎng)也要力爭(zhēng)做到思路清晰，反應(yīng)敏捷，膽子大，信心足。

　　(2) Secondly, we should put down the burden, establish absolute self-confidence, and overcome the mentality of worrying about gain and loss. When the author initially took charge of interpretation of various engineering talks, every time I saw a peer present, I felt a bit nervous. I was often afraid of making mistakes in front of the peer and losing face. I even felt a little timid when I saw the excellent performance of the peer present. In fact, this is a good opportunity to improve translation skills through peer experts' correction. At the same time, when encountering difficult problems or translation errors, we can consult with colleagues to improve our translation level. Therefore, even if there are peers or senior leaders present, we should strive to be clear-minded, responsive, courageous and confident.

　　2、積累知識(shí), 準(zhǔn)備充分

　　2. Accumulate knowledge and prepare well

　　工程技術(shù)口譯具有突出的專業(yè)性，為此，譯員在進(jìn)入口譯工作之前, 必須預(yù)先了解和熟悉有關(guān)的專業(yè)知識(shí)。

　　Engineering interpretation has outstanding professionalism. Therefore, before entering the interpretation work, the interpreter must know and be familiar with the relevant professional knowledge in advance.

　　(1)首先, 對(duì)即將進(jìn)行項(xiàng)目所涉及的具體的專業(yè)知識(shí)、技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)和專業(yè)詞匯, 口譯者應(yīng)該大量收集有關(guān)資料, 精心準(zhǔn)備, 并

　　(1) First of all, interpreters should collect a large amount of relevant information and prepare carefully for the specific expertise, technical terms and professional vocabulary involved in the upcoming project

　　加以吸收。

　　To absorb.

　　(2)其次, 除了了解具體的專業(yè)知識(shí)之外, 還必須了解其他專業(yè)的一般性專業(yè)知識(shí), 對(duì)任何一名譯員來(lái)講, 口譯的內(nèi)容都不一定局限于如政治、商務(wù)或科技等領(lǐng)域?？萍挤g又包括機(jī)械、電子、化工等諸多方面, 當(dāng)你進(jìn)行所涉及項(xiàng)目專業(yè)的工程翻譯時(shí)。你無(wú)法預(yù)知什么時(shí)候又會(huì)涉及到其他專業(yè)?？谧g需手勤、腦勤。碰到新知識(shí)新詞匯及時(shí)記錄下來(lái)，歸納整理存進(jìn)大腦, 隨時(shí)調(diào)用。

　　(2) Secondly, in addition to specific professional knowledge, it is necessary to understand other general professional knowledge. For any interpreter, the content of interpretation is not necessarily limited to such fields as politics, business or technology. Science and technology translation also includes mechanical, electronic, chemical and many other aspects, when you are engaged in project professional engineering translation. You don't know when you're going to be involved in another major. Interpreting requires hands and brains. When encountering new knowledge and new vocabulary, record them in time, summarize and store them in the brain, and call them at any time.

　　再則, 隨著我國(guó)對(duì)外改革開放的發(fā)展, 以及對(duì)外交流面的擴(kuò)大，各種新事物、新信息層出不窮，這些都有可能成為口譯的內(nèi)容。除此之外，口譯人員還應(yīng)了解對(duì)方的背景包括身份、地位、文化程度、職業(yè)職務(wù)、性格特點(diǎn)、宗教信仰、工作方式，所在國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等，做到知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆。

　　Moreover, with the development of China's reform and opening up, as well as the expansion of foreign exchange, new things and information emerge in endlessly, which may become the content of interpretation. In addition, the interpreter should also understand the background of the other party, including identity, status, education level, professional position, personality characteristics, religious belief, working methods, customs and habits of the country where he is located, so as to know himself and the other, and win every battle.

　　3、勇于實(shí)踐, 注意總結(jié)

　　3. Dare to practice and pay attention to summary

　　要勇于實(shí)踐，不斷在各種英語(yǔ)環(huán)境中鍛煉自己，訓(xùn)練聽力，提高理解能力和翻譯技巧。每場(chǎng)翻譯下來(lái)及時(shí)總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出存在的問題和相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)措施。就拿語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō)，光是說(shuō)英語(yǔ)者，不僅有來(lái)自英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的國(guó)家，還有的來(lái)自非英語(yǔ)國(guó)家。這樣一來(lái)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)者往往或多或少帶有自己的母語(yǔ)語(yǔ)調(diào)或口音，口音五花八門，即使是來(lái)自英美英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的人，也并不都講標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。由于身份、地位和文化教育不同，總裁、工程師和操作工的用詞也大不相同。所有這些, 都給翻譯造成一定的困難。因此，譯員應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一切可能將自己置身于講不同英語(yǔ)的各種人之中，使自己熟悉不同的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)和用詞，不至于在語(yǔ)言方面出現(xiàn)障礙。在條件允許的情況下多收聽英語(yǔ)廣播，觀看電視中的英語(yǔ)節(jié)目，通過(guò)不斷實(shí)踐,總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以形成一些口譯時(shí)的應(yīng)付策略和技巧，促進(jìn)會(huì)談的輕松、順利進(jìn)行。比如口譯時(shí)，為了減少漏譯和誤譯，譯員除了應(yīng)具備出眾的記憶力外，還應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)速記，即采用自己最熟悉的文字或者譯入語(yǔ)，輸以少量的符號(hào)和縮略語(yǔ)。至于記什么，記多少，完全由個(gè)人習(xí)慣與發(fā)揮確定。如果在口譯過(guò)程中碰到不懂的生詞或不明白的地方，一定要沉著冷靜，千萬(wàn)不要驚慌,，不能盲目的亂猜。應(yīng)該巧妙而有策略地與講話人加以討論弄清本意后再進(jìn)行翻譯。再優(yōu)秀的口譯者也會(huì)在工作中碰到難題，所以口譯者必須具有靈活應(yīng)變的能力，具有較強(qiáng)的獨(dú)立分析和獨(dú)立解決問題的能力，一名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的口譯者在無(wú)資料或詞典可以查詢的情況下，通過(guò)解釋、比劃、旁敲側(cè)擊、曲線翻譯，最后同樣可以達(dá)到溝通的目的。不僅應(yīng)自我總結(jié)，平時(shí)還應(yīng)注意觀摩學(xué)習(xí)別人的翻譯風(fēng)格和翻譯技巧，收集佳譯，注意將口譯和筆譯相結(jié)合，將筆譯中好的表達(dá)運(yùn)用到口譯中，提高口譯質(zhì)量，為口譯提供素材做到譯法靈活。

　　We should have the courage to practice, constantly exercise ourselves in various English environments, train our listening, and improve our understanding and translation skills. Summarize the experience in time after each translation, put forward the existing problems and corresponding improvement measures. Take the characteristics of language as an example. English speakers are not only from native English speaking countries, but also from non English speaking countries. In this way, English speakers tend to have more or less their native language intonation or accent, with various accents. Even people from British and American English speaking countries do not speak standard English. Because of the differences in identity, status, culture and education, presidents, engineers and operators use different words. All of these make translation difficult. Therefore, an interpreter should try his best to put himself among all kinds of people who speak different English, so as to make himself familiar with different intonation and words, and avoid language obstacles. If conditions permit, listening to English radio and watching English programs on TV, through continuous practice and summing up experience, can form some coping strategies and skills in interpretation, and promote the smooth and easy progress of the talks. For example, when interpreting, in order to reduce omission and mistranslation, translators should not only have excellent memory, but also learn shorthand, that is, to use their most familiar words or target language, and to input a small number of symbols and abbreviations. As for what to remember and how much to remember, it is entirely determined by personal habits and play. If you encounter a new word or a place you don't understand in the process of interpretation, you must be calm and calm, don't panic, and don't guess blindly. We should discuss with the speaker skillfully and tactfully to find out the original meaning before translating. No matter how good an interpreter is, he or she will encounter difficulties in his or her work. Therefore, an interpreter must have the ability of flexibility, strong ability of independent analysis and independent problem-solving. An experienced interpreter can achieve the same goal of communication through interpretation, comparison, Sideswipe and curve translation when there is no data or dictionary to query. We should not only summarize ourselves, but also observe and learn other people's translation styles and skills, collect good translations, combine interpretation with translation, apply good expressions in translation to interpretation, improve interpretation quality and provide materials for interpretation so as to make translation flexible.

　　4、靈活應(yīng)變的能力和極強(qiáng)的職業(yè)道德

　　4. Flexible ability and strong professional ethics

　　口譯工作是一項(xiàng)傳遞信息的工作。這種傳遞應(yīng)該是客觀、忠實(shí)、全面的。譯員在翻譯過(guò)程中不能加入自己主觀的意見和看法, 或是隨意增減翻譯的內(nèi)容。另一方面，口譯工作也不是機(jī)械刻板的生搬硬套的過(guò)程。在工作中不是被動(dòng)、消極的，他不能抱著“我只負(fù)責(zé)翻譯雙方的談話, 其余一切與我無(wú)關(guān)”的思想。而是要充分發(fā)揮雙方優(yōu)勢(shì)，創(chuàng)造和利用有利于促進(jìn)雙方理解的積極因素。這就要求譯員在工作現(xiàn)場(chǎng)注意觀察交談雙方的反應(yīng), 遇到聽話人沒有聽懂的時(shí)候, 要及時(shí)變換用詞、句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或征得講話人的同意后進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和解釋。遇到對(duì)抗性的過(guò)激語(yǔ)言, 則應(yīng)采取一些靈活的處理方式。

　　Interpretation is a work of transmitting information. This kind of transmission should be objective, faithful and comprehensive. In the process of translation, translators should not add their own subjective opinions or add or delete the translated content at will. On the other hand, interpretation is not a mechanical process. He is not passive and passive in his work. He can't hold the idea that "I am only responsible for the conversation between the two sides of the translation, and everything else has nothing to do with me". Instead, we should give full play to the advantages of both sides and create and make use of positive factors conducive to promoting mutual understanding. This requires the interpreter to observe the response of both sides of the conversation at the work site. When the listener fails to understand, the translator should change the words and sentence structure in time, or supplement and explain with the consent of the speaker. In the face of confrontational over language, we should adopt some flexible ways to deal with it.

　　譯員的靈活性還表現(xiàn)在對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛的把握上。在商務(wù)談判這樣較緊張的場(chǎng)合，一個(gè)畏首畏尾，或期期艾艾的譯員無(wú)疑會(huì)使緊張的氣氛更加緊張，為談判的進(jìn)行增加阻力，相反的一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)定自若、情緒穩(wěn)定、不卑不亢的譯員肯定能使我方在談判中取得優(yōu)勢(shì)，使交流雙方增加自信。而在諸如普通會(huì)談或輕松的宴會(huì)中，翻譯人員大不可正襟危坐，面目嚴(yán)肅,。否則會(huì)破壞本應(yīng)良好的氣氛，這時(shí)翻譯人員進(jìn)行口譯時(shí)可以選擇一些短小精練的句子，輕松地表達(dá)雙方的意思,使會(huì)談?shì)p松進(jìn)行?？谧g者必須加強(qiáng)譯德、譯技和道德情操的修養(yǎng)，嚴(yán)守國(guó)家機(jī)密和工業(yè)技術(shù)秘密。一位優(yōu)秀的口譯者應(yīng)時(shí)刻注意自己的儀態(tài)風(fēng)度，不卑不亢、自尊、自重、自愛。決不可借著便利機(jī)會(huì)做出有損國(guó)格、人格的事情。而且在這個(gè)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化、新技術(shù)、新事物層出不窮的新時(shí)代口譯人員應(yīng)利用一切機(jī)會(huì)，不斷補(bǔ)充新的知識(shí)，豐富自己，提高語(yǔ)言、文化、藝術(shù)的修養(yǎng), 養(yǎng)成良好的心理素質(zhì)。做一個(gè)時(shí)代所需求的優(yōu)秀口譯工作者。

　　The translator's flexibility is also reflected in his grasp of the scene atmosphere. In a tense business negotiation situation like this, a timid or expectant interpreter will undoubtedly make the tense atmosphere more tense and increase the resistance for the negotiation. On the contrary, a calm, stable and unassuming interpreter will surely make us gain an advantage in the negotiation and increase the confidence of both sides of the exchange. In general meetings or relaxed banquets, translators should not be serious,. Otherwise, it will destroy the supposed good atmosphere. At this time, translators can choose some short and concise sentences to express the meaning of both sides easily and make the talks easy. Interpreters must strengthen the cultivation of morality, translation skills and moral sentiments, and strictly abide by state secrets and industrial technology secrets. An excellent interpreter should always pay attention to his own demeanor, not humble, self-respect, self-respect and self love. Never take advantage of convenient opportunities to do things that are detrimental to national dignity and personality. In this new era of global economic integration, new technology and new things, interpreters should take advantage of all opportunities to constantly supplement new knowledge, enrich themselves, improve their language, culture and art, and develop good psychological quality. To be an excellent interpreter required by the times.

中譯國(guó)際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.